Tooth decay is a common problem that affects many people. But what exactly is tooth decay? What is the likely cause behind it? And what are the most important ways to prevent it?
This article covers everything you need to know about the causes of tooth decay and how it is treated.
Tooth Decay
When bacteria build up on the surface of the teeth, they produce acids that gradually damage the teeth and lead to tooth decay.
Tooth decay is one of the most common dental problems people experience.
It results in damage to the tooth enamel and the formation of small cavities (holes) in the teeth.
Symptoms of Tooth Decay
If you are experiencing any of the following symptoms, you may have tooth decay:
– Tooth pain
– Tooth sensitivity
– Tooth discoloration
– White spots on the teeth
– Visible pits or holes in the teeth
– Wearing down or erosion of the teeth
– Dental abscess
– Bad breath
What Is the Likely Cause of Tooth Decay?
Certain daily habits can cause bacteria to accumulate on your teeth. These bacteria feed on food debris left on the tooth surface and produce acids, which then attack the enamel and cause tooth decay.
Some of the most common causes of tooth decay include:
– Poor oral hygiene and neglecting tooth brushing
– Frequent consumption of sugary foods and refined carbohydrates
– Drinking a lot of sugary beverages
– Stomach problems such as acid reflux (GERD)
– Not drinking enough water and having a dry mouth
– Brushing your teeth incorrectly
– Crowded or misaligned teeth that trap food between them
Risks and Complications of Tooth Decay
If you notice any signs of tooth decay, you should seek dental treatment as soon as possible to prevent further complications.
Possible risks and complications of untreated tooth decay include:
– Tooth wear and erosion
– Tooth discoloration
– Tooth loss
– Tooth fractures or chipping
– Dental abscess
– Gum inflammation (gingivitis) or more severe gum disease
– Difficulty chewing
– Jawbone infection (osteomyelitis of the jaw)
– Bacteria entering the bloodstream and causing systemic infection (bacteremia)
How Is Tooth Decay Treated?
If tooth decay is detected in its early stages, the dentist may recommend simple treatment options, such as the intensive use of fluoride (topical fluoride treatments) to help remineralize and strengthen the enamel.
If the decay has progressed and formed a cavity, the dentist will:
– Remove the decayed portion of the tooth
– Clean the area thoroughly
– Fill the cavity with a suitable dental filling material
If the decay has reached the dental pulp (the nerve inside the tooth), root canal treatment (endodontic therapy) is required, where the infected pulp is removed, the canals are cleaned and disinfected, and then filled and sealed.
When decay extends to the roots of the tooth and the tooth cannot be saved, the dentist may recommend tooth extraction. Afterward, the missing tooth can be replaced with a dental implant or a dental bridge.
Ways to Prevent Tooth Decay
Tooth decay is a widespread problem, but there are several effective ways to protect your teeth and reduce your risk:
– Maintain good oral hygiene and brush your teeth at least twice a day
– Use a soft-bristled toothbrush
– Use fluoride toothpaste
– Use an antiseptic or fluoride mouthwash
– Brush your teeth using the correct technique
– Use dental floss daily to clean between teeth
– Make sure to remove all food debris trapped between your teeth
– Eat a healthy, balanced diet and limit sugary and starchy foods
– Prevent dry mouth by drinking plenty of water throughout the day
– Have your teeth professionally cleaned by a dentist or dental hygienist on a regular basis
– Visit your dentist regularly for checkups to monitor the health of your teeth and gums
Dr. Fares Maatouk
– Bachelor’s degree in Dentistry and Oral Surgery from Al-Qalamoun University – Damascus
– Completed multiple courses in cosmetic dentistry and smile design
– 11 years of experience in restorative and cosmetic dentistry
Areas of interest and expertise include:
– All types of dental prosthetics (bridges, crowns, and dental veneers such as veneers and Lumineers)
– Cosmetic dental services (esthetic fillings, tooth restoration, Hollywood smile design)
– Comprehensive smile makeover planning
– Root canal treatment and tooth extractions
